kılavuz: dil dizinleri (en/tr/de/fr/ru) + dil değiştirici ve bölüm gezinmesi

- iki dilli tek dosyalar en/ ve tr/ altına ayrıldı
- Almanca, Fransızca, Rusça çeviriler eklendi (10 bölüm)
- kök README dil seçici oldu; her dilde kendi içindekiler sayfası
- her bölüme dil değiştirici satırı + önceki/sonraki gezinme eklendi

en/08-commits-and-history/readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# 08 — Commits and history
+
+🌍 **English** · [Türkçe](../../tr/08-commits-and-history/readme.md) · [Deutsch](../../de/08-commits-and-history/readme.md) · [Français](../../fr/08-commits-and-history/readme.md) · [Русский](../../ru/08-commits-and-history/readme.md)
+
+A commit is one saved step: what changed, who changed it, when, and why.
+
+## Writing a good message
+
+```
+add VLAN configuration notes
+fix wrong gateway address in readme
+remove unused packet capture
+```
+
+- One line, present tense, no full stop.
+- Say *what* the change does, not "update" or "fix stuff".
+- Longer explanation? Put it in the description box below the summary.
+
+## Committing well
+
+- **One idea per commit.** Two unrelated changes are two commits.
+- **Commit often.** Small steps are easy to review and easy to undo.
+- **Never commit passwords, keys or tokens.** Removing them later does not remove them from history — you have to change the secret itself.
+
+## Reading history
+
+| Where | What you get |
+|-------|--------------|
+| **History** button on a folder or file | Every commit that touched it |
+| A commit's page | The full diff: red removed, green added |
+| **Blame** on a file | Which commit last changed each line |
+| **Activity** tab | Contribution graph over time |
+
+## Undoing
+
+- **One commit was wrong** → open the commit, press **Revert**. This creates a new commit that undoes it; nothing is erased.
+- **A file was wrong** → open its history, view the good version, copy the content back and commit.
+- **A commit is not pushed yet** (working from your computer) → `git commit --amend` to fix the last one before sharing it.
+
+## Comparing
+
+Add `/compare/main...my-branch` to a repository URL, or use the **Compare** button, to see every difference between two branches or tags.
+
+---
+
+⬅ [Previous: 07 — Images and attachments](../07-images-and-media/readme.md) · 📚 [Contents](../README.md) · [Next: 09 — Branches and pull requests](../09-branches-and-pull-requests/readme.md) ➡